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Caffeine is in a lot of the things that you eat and drink. But you probably don’t think that much about it, other than making sure that you get it so you can feel more awake and alert. What it really comes from and what it is, though, are things that most people don’t pay attention to. Caffeine is a chemical compound, and it was discovered by a German chemist back in 1819. He coined the term, but when the compound is found in other substances besides coffee, it is called by other names. For example, in tea it would be theine, in guarana it would be guaranine, and when it’s found in mate (a beverage) it would be called mateine. Most people don’t pay attention to those things and they just call it caffeine, no matter what it comes in. It’s a mild diuretic, in that it increases the production of urine, and it is also a psychoactive stimulant drug. In its natural form it is white, bitter, and crystalline. It is found most prominently in leaves, the fruit of some plants, and beans. There it acts as a pesticide. Certain insects that would feed on the plants are paralyzed and killed by the caffeine.
Coffee beans and tea leaves are the most common way that human beings get caffeine, but they can also get it from anything that has the kola nut in it, like most sodas. There are other sources, too, like guarana berries, Yaupon Holly, and yerba mate. It stimulates the central nervous system of humans and animals, and this wards off drowsiness. It is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world, and it is legal and unregulated. In other words, it’s not like other drugs where it might be illegal or there might be restrictions on how much can be put into something. Many drugs, that have similar effects as caffeine, are completely illegal, and a lot of other stimulants and compounds are restricted and how much of them can go into a product consumed by humans is carefully regulated.
In North America, it is estimated that over ninety percent of adults have at least some caffeine every day. The Food and Drug Administration believes that it is generally safe, and it is seen as a multi-purpose substance. There have been studies that have shown that caffeine is harmful, and there have been other studies that have shown that this is not the case. Caffeine is seen most often in coffee and in tea, but how much is in these substances can vary greatly. Some teas have a lot more caffeine than others, and this is even more of an issue with coffee, where there is everything from decaffeinated coffee all the way up to espresso. The caffeine amounts in these two choices are far apart on the spectrum, and there are options for almost everything in between, as well. Most people would go through withdrawals without their caffeine, making some people wonder just how safe it really is.
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